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Metaheuristic Optimization of Distributed Generation Placement for Voltage Stability and Loss Minimization in Distribution Networks

Students & Supervisors

Student Authors
Sanjid Islam
Masters in Electrical and Electronic Engineering, FE
Supervisors
Mohammad Abdul Nmannan
Professor, Associate Dean [fe], FE
Dr. Rifat Hazari
Associate Professor, Special Assistant [eee], FE

Abstract

This paper studies distributed generation (DG) siting, sizing, and Volt–VAR dispatch on a modified IEEE-57 system using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Genetic Algorithm (GA), and a Hybrid GA–PSO scheme. The goal is to cut technical losses and stabilize voltages while meeting IEEE 1547 limits, thermal ratings, and the 0.95–1.05 p.u. band. The test case removes the Bus-1 load and fixed shunts at Buses 18, 25, and 53, yielding 1195.8 MW / 319.4 MVAR on a 100 MVA base (vs. 1250.8 MW / 336.4 MVAR). Five DG technologies are modeled with capability-limited Volt–VAR droop; total penetration is constrained to 12–25% of active load (achieved: PSO 24.1%, GA 18.5%, Hybrid 19.0%). The Hybrid method delivers the lowest losses active 22.195 MW (25.03%), reactive 76.906 MVAR (35.69%), and apparent 80.045 MVA (35.02%) followed by GA (22.954 MW, 78.209 MVAR, 81.507 MVA) and PSO (26.151 MW, 85.636 MVAR, 89.540 MVA). Voltage profiles tighten from 0.9315–1.0661 p.u. (base) to in-band ranges: PSO 0.9550–1.0500 p.u., GA 0.9560–1.0490 p.u., Hybrid 0.9542–1.0480 p.u. In the context of Industry 5.0 and Sustainable Technology, the framework uses AI-driven optimization to augment engineering decisions, raises hosting capacity through stabilityaware placement (L-index screening) and realistic VAR capability, and converts efficiency gains into avoided energy waste and lower indirect emissions. Results show that effective siting with Volt-VAR support not higher penetration alone delivers superior performance under identical constraints, with the Hybrid method providing the most balanced loss-voltage outcome.

Keywords

Distributed Generation (DG) Optimal Placement Metaheuristic Optimization Volt–VAR Voltage Stability Loss Minimization.

Publication Details

  • Type of Publication:
  • Conference Name: 2025 IEEE 7th International Conference on Sustainable Technologies for Industry 5.0 (STI 2025)
  • Date of Conference: 11/12/2025 - 11/12/2025
  • Venue: Green University of Bangladesh
  • Organizer: Green University of Bangladesh
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