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RENEWABLE AND SUSTAINABLE ENERGY TRANSITION PATHWAYS FOR BANGLADESH: INTEGRATED MODELING OF SOLAR, WIND, AND BIOMASS SYSTEMS UNDER CLIMATE AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONSTRAINTS

Students & Supervisors

Student Authors
Shaharia Rahman Tanim
Bachelor of Science in Computer Science & Engineering, FST
Samin Shahriyar Lorin
Bachelor of Science in Computer Science & Engineering, FST
Md. Rifat Hossain
Bachelor of Science in Electrical & Electronic Engineering, FE
Supervisors
Md. Mortuza Ahmmed
Associate Professor, Faculty, FST

Abstract

Bangladesh’s energy picture has changed since 1994 to 2023 in line with growing demand of electricity, generation capacity and renewable energy. The study applies an integrated modeling approach to develop long-term pathways for solar, wind and biomass considering technical performance, climate restrictions and socio-economic influences. The research considers how renewable energy systems can evolve in the context of an environmentally sustainable and low-carbon transition, interpreting data points on total energy demand, reliance on fossil fuel, level of penetration by renewables and average load factors to determine which pathways have been imagined around electrification, investment trends as they interact with climate risk and macroeconomic signals. During this 30-year period the renewables share increased from 2.8% to 65.5%, with solar capacity increasing (0.5 MW to 5950 MW), utility scale wind reaching production (0-2550 MW) and biomass growth occurred (50-7400). This growth was supported by better solar insolation, wind velocity and biomass potential. The rural electrification and grid connectivity coverage were almost universal, leading to better EA Index and reduced socio-energy inequalities. Emissions intensity for carbon dioxide went down, with fossil’s share decreasing from 97.2% to 34.5%.Spending on renewables increased from $1200,000 to a whopping $1185 million, driven by developments in battery storage and net metering policies. Solar has a spread of seeds advantage due to high irradiance and cost competitiveness, coastal wind is complementary generation and biomass is used for baseload power and rural micro-grids. Climate risks, as indicated by increasing values of Climate Risk Index, endanger the reliability of infrastructure and call for an adaptation in planning. A resilient transition also will require diverse renewables, storage, intelligent grid development, climate-resilient infrastructure plans and the social/economic policies that afford for equity and access. These lessons offer practical directions for Bangladesh towards a sustainable, low-carbon and climate-resilient energy future.

Keywords

Renewable Energy Transition; Solar-Wind-Biomass Modeling; Climate and Socio-Economic Constraints; Sustainable Energy Pathways; Bangladesh Power System Development.

Publication Details

  • Type of Publication:
  • Conference Name: 1st International Conference on Multidisciplinary Research in Sciences (ICMRS-2026)
  • Date of Conference: 09/01/2026 - 09/01/2026
  • Venue: Comilla University, Cumilla-3506, Bangladesh.
  • Organizer: Faculty of Science , Comilla University
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